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N g u y ͍ n T h ͓ T h u H ̹ QJF{ÿmQKL ͏ WWuQKJL~Sÿ ͩ K˱ ͣ n g d ̳ n v ͉ SK˱˯QJSKi SQJKLrQ cͱ XYjFKX\rQP{QW ̵ QWuQKK˱ ͣ n g d ̳ n c ͭ t h ͋ FiFKWK ͱ FWUuQKEj\Y n͡ LGXQJÿyOjQ ͉ n t ̫ QJF˯V ͧ JL~SHPFyWK ͋ KRjQWKjQKÿ ͉ WjLNKyD l u ̵ n t ͙ t n g h i ͏ p m ͡ WFiFKW ͙ t n h ̭ t . C u ͙ LFQJHP[LQFKkQWKjQKF ̫ P˯QE ̩ QEqYjQK ͷ QJQJ˱ ͥ Lÿm h͟ t r ͫ ÿ ͋ e m c yWK ͋ KRjQWKjQKEiRFiROX ̵ QYăQQj\9uÿL ͉ u k i ͏ n t h ͥ i JLDQFzQK ̩ n c h ͇ FQJY ͣ i k i n h n g h i ͏ m t h c t i ͍ QFK˱DQKL ͉ XQrQÿ ͉ WjL cͯ DHPNK{QJWUiQKNK ͗ i n h ͷ n g t h i ͇ X[yWU ̭ t m o n g n h ̵ Qÿ˱ ͫ c s ÿyQJ JySF ͯ DTXêWK ̯ \F{YjE ̩ n Eq 7UkQWU ͕ n g c ̫ P˯Q i i LӠ I C A M Ĉ2$1 E m x i n FDPÿDPĈk\Ojÿ Ӆ WjLQJKLrQF ӭ u c ӫ a e m . N h ӳ n g k Ӄ t q u ҧ YjV ӕ l i Ӌ u WURQJÿ Ӆ WjLGRHP t h ӵ FKLrQ0 ӑ i t h a m k h ҧ RGQJWURQJÿ Ӆ WjLÿ Ӆ Xÿѭ ӧ FWUtFKG ү QU} UjQJWrQWiFJL ҧ WrQF{QJWUuQKWK ӡ LJLDQÿ ӏ DÿL Ӈ PF{QJE ӕ . 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Dӵ DYjRQJKLrQ ӭ u c ӫ a mӝ t s ӕ WiFJL ҧ vӅ FiFÿ Ӆ Wj LFyOLrQTXDQÿ Ӄ QTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө SKzQJ 3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQF ӭ Xÿ ӏ QKWtQKÿѭ ӧ FiSG ө QJFKRÿ Ӆ WjL dӵ DWUrQYL Ӌ FWuP h i Ӈ u t h ӵ c t Ӄ tҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g , t h u t h ұ p d ӳ l i Ӌ XTXDQViWW ә n g h ӧ SWK{QJ t i n , SKkQWtFKG ӳ l i Ӌ XYjÿѭDUDQK ӳ QJKѭ ӟ n g x ӱ OêSKK ӧ p v ӟ LÿѫQY ӏ t h ӵ c t ұ p . N h ҵ PKRjQWKL Ӌ QTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJYjQkQJFDRFK ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g p h ө c v ө NKiFK KjQJ 1JKLrQF ӭ u c h o t h ҩ \ÿ Ӈ Fyÿѭ ӧ c m ӝ WTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJKRjQWKL Ӌ QYj h i Ӌ u q u ҧ , c ҫ QFyV ӵ q u a QWkPF ӫ a b a n q u ҧ QOêV ӵ ÿ ӗ n g t h u ұ n h ӛ t r ӧ cӫ DFiFE ӝ p h ұ QFNJQJQKѭV ӵ hӧ SWiFF ӫ DQKkQYLrQWURQJFQJE ӝ p h ұ n . V i Ӌ c t h i Ӄ t l ұ p m ӝ t q u i WUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJOjU ҩ t q u a n t r ӑ QJÿ һ c b i Ӌ WGX\WUuÿѭ ӧ FTXLWUuQKÿy ӕ t mӝ t t h ӡ LJLDQGjLOjÿL Ӆ u c ҫ Qÿѭ ӧ FTXDQWkPQKL Ӆ XKѫQQ ӳ DĈL Ӆ XÿyNK{QJF Ӎ ҧ n h Kѭ ӣ QJÿ Ӄ n c h ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g d ӏ c h v ө GjQKFKRNKiFKKjQJPjFz ҧ m b ҧ o s ӵ WK{QJVX ӕ t WURQJTXiWUuQKY ұ QKjQKNL Ӈ m t r a , k i Ӈ PVRiWÿѭ ӧ FQKkQYLrQYjFK ҩ WOѭ ӧ QJF{QJ v i Ӌ c t ҥ LÿѫQY ӏ . éQJKƭDWK ӵ c t i Ӊ QPjÿ Ӆ WjL³1J KLrQF ӭ XTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ i v NKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ QJ´OjJySSK ҫ n g ӧ i m ӣ FKRFiFQKjTX ҧ QOêWURQJNK ҥ n OX{QTXDQWkPKRjQWKL Ӌ QTXLWUuQKNK{QJQJ ӯ n g c ҧ i t i Ӄ QSKK ӧ p v ӟ LÿѫQY ӏ ÿ Ӈ m a n g l ҥ i h i Ӌ u q u ҧ h o ҥ Wÿ ӝ n g c h o t ә c h ӭ c. v i MӨ C L Ө C LӠ I C Ҧ 0Ѫ1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i LӠ ,&$0Ĉ2$1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i i N H Ұ 1;e7&+ Ҩ 0Ĉ, ӆ M C Ӫ A G I Ҧ 1*9,Ç1+Ѭ Ӟ N G D Ү N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i i i 7Ï07 Ҳ 7Ĉ ӄ 7¬, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i v MӨ C L Ө C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v i D A N H M Ө &&È&6ѪĈ Ӗ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i x D A N H M Ө &&È&% Ҧ N G B I ӆ 89¬+Î1+ Ҧ N H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i x LӠ I M Ӣ Ĉ Ҫ U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 . /êGRFK ӑ Qÿ Ӆ WjL . . . 1 2 . Mө FWLrXQJKLrQF ӭ XYjQKL Ӌ m v ө cӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjL . . 2 3 . P h ҥ PYLQJKLrQF ӭ u : . . . 2 4 . Ĉ ӕ LWѭ ӧ QJQJKLrQF ӭ u : . . . 3 5 . 3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQF ӭ u . . . 3 6 . éQJKƭDF ӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjLQJKLrQF ӭ u . . . 3 7 . Nӝ LGXQJFKtQKF ӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjL . . . 4 8 . T h ӡ i g i a n t i Ӄ Qÿ ӝ t h ӵ c h i Ӌ Qÿ Ӆ WjL . . . 4 &+ѬѪ1*&Ѫ6 Ӣ Lé/8 Ұ N C H U N G V ӄ 48,75Î1+ P H Ө C V Ө B U Ӗ 1*7521*.+È&+6 Ҥ N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1 . 1 .KiFKV ҥ n . . . . 5 1 . 1 . 1 .KiLQL Ӌ PNKiFKV ҥ n . . . 5 1 . 1 . 2 3KkQOR ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ n. . . 5 v i 1 . 1 . 3 .KiLQL Ӌ PNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n . . 1 0 1 . 1 . 4 Ĉ һ FÿL Ӈ m c ӫ a k i n KGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n . . 1 0 1 . 1 . 5 éQJKƭDF ӫ a h o ҥ Wÿ ӝ QJNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n . . 1 2 1 . 2 Bӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ QJWURQJNKiFKV ҥ n . . . 1 4 1 . 2 . 1 .KiLQL Ӌ m b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g ( h o u s e k e p i n g ) . . 1 4 1 . 2 . 2 Ĉ һ FÿL Ӈ m c ӫ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g . . 1 4 1 . 2 . 3 &ѫF ҩ u t ә c h ӭ FYjFiFFK ӭ FGDQKFKtQKWURQJE ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g . 1 5 1 . 2 . 4 C h ӭ FQăQJQKL Ӌ m v ө cӫ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g . . 1 8 1 . 2 . 5 Mӕ i q u a n h Ӌ cӫ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g v ӟ LFiFE ӝ p h ұ QNKiFWURQJN ҥ n 2 0 1 . 3 4XLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJWURQJNKiFKV ҥ n . . 2 1 1 . 3 . 1 .KiLQL Ӌ m q XLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g . . 2 1 1 . 3 . 2 &iFTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g . . . 2 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 1 . 4XLWUuQKOjPEX ӗ n g t r ӕ n g s ҥ c h ( V T O S ) . . 2 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 2 . 4XLWUuQKOjPEX ӗ QJNKiFKÿDQJOѭXWU~97 . 2 1 . 3 . 2 . 3 . 4XLWUuQKOjPEX ӗ QJNKiFKWU ҧ ( V T O S ) . . 2 3 TӘ N G K ӂ 7&+ѬѪ1* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 9 &+ѬѪ1*3+Æ17Ë&+7+ Ӵ C T R Ҥ 1*48,75Î1+3 Ө C VӨ B U Ӗ N G T Ҥ ,.+È&+6 Ҥ 1Ĉ Ӭ &9Ѭ Ӧ N G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 0 2 . 1 G i ӟ i t h i Ӌ XNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g . . 3 0 2 . 1 . 1 G i ӟ i t h i Ӌ u c h u n g . . . 3 0 2 . 1 . 2 &ѫV ӣ vұ t c h ҩ t . . . 3 2 2 . 1 . 3 &ѫF ҩ u t ә c h ӭ c . . . 3 6 2 . 2 G i ӟ i t h i Ӌ u v Ӆ bӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g . 3 8 v i 2 . 2 . 1 &ѫF ҩ u t ә c h ӭ FQKkQV ӵ cӫ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g . . 3 8 2 . 2 . 2 C h ӭ FQăQJYjQKL Ӌ m v ө cӫ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g . . 4 0 2 . 2 . 3 Mӕ i q u a n h Ӌ g i ӳ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g v ӟ LFiFE ӝ p h ұ QNKiFWURQJN ҥ n 4 1 2 . 3 T h ӵ c t r ҥ QJTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g . 4 2 . 3 . 1 . 4XLWUuQKOjPEX ӗ n g t r ӕ n g sҥ c h . . 4 2 . 3 . 2 . 4XLWUuQKOjPEX ӗ QJNKiFKÿDQJOѭXWU~ . . 4 2 . 3 . 3 . 4XLWUuQKOjPEX ӗ QJNKiFKWU ҧ . . 4 6 2 . 4 ĈiQKJLiWK ӵ c t r ҥ QJTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g . 4 8 2 . 4 . 1 . ѬXÿL Ӈ m . . . 4 8 2. 4 . 2 . 1Kѭ ӧ FÿL Ӈ m . . . 4 9 TӘ N G K ӂ 7&+ѬѪ1* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3 &+ѬѪ1**, Ҧ ,3+È3+2¬17+, ӊ 148,75Î1+3+ Ө C VӨ B U Ӗ N G T Ҥ ,.+È&+6 Ҥ 1Ĉ Ӭ &9Ѭ Ӧ N G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 3 . 1 . 7yPW ҳ t k Ӄ t q u ҧ QJKLrQF ӭ u . . . 5 4 3 . 2 . Mӝ t s ӕ ÿ Ӆ x u ҩ t . . . 5 4 3 . 2 . 1 +RjQ t h i Ӌ QTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g . . 5 4 3 . 2 . 2 Mӝ t s ӕ ÿ Ӆ x u ҩ WNKiF . . . 5 9 3 . 3 . ĈyQJJySF ӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjLQJKLrQF ӭ u . . . 6 2 3 . 4 . Hҥ n c h Ӄ cӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjLQJKLrQF ӭ u . . . 6 2 3 . 5 . +ѭ ӟ QJQJKLrQF ӭ u t i Ӄ p t h e o . . . 6 2 Kӂ T L U Ұ N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4 7¬,/, ӊ U T H A M K H Ҧ O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 i x D A N H M Ө &&È&6ѪĈ Ӗ S T T 0Ð7 Ҧ T R A N G 1 6ѫÿ ӗ &ѫF ҩ u t ә c h ӭ c c ӫ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g 1 5 2 6ѫÿ ӗ &ѫF ҩ u t ә c h ӭ c cӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 3 2 3 6ѫÿ ӗ &ѫF ҩ u t ә c h ӭ c cӫ a b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ n Ĉ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 3 D A N H M Ө &&È&% Ҧ N G B I ӆ 89¬+Î1+ Ҧ N H S T T 0Ð7 Ҧ T R A N G 1 Bҧ n g 2 . 1 : B ҧ QJJLiSKzQJNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 2 8 2 +uQK/RJRNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 2 6 3 +uQK3KzQJ6DQGDUGF ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 2 8 4 +uQK3KzQJ6XSHULRUF ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 2 9 5 +uQK3KzQJ'HOX[HF ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 2 9 6 +uQK 3KzQJ9,3F ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g 3 0 1 LӠ I M Ӣ Ĉ Ҫ U 1 . /êGRFK ӑ Qÿ Ӆ WjL T r o n g n h ӳ QJQăPTXDWKjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQK OX{QOjÿL Ӈ Pÿ Ӄ QV{Lÿ ӝ QJYj n h ӝ n n h ӏ p t ҥ i V i Ӌ W1DPFNJQJQKѭNKXY ӵ FĈ{QJ1DPÈ9 ӟ i n h ӳ QJÿL Ӆ u k i Ӌ n v Ӆ k i n h t Ӄ JLDRWK{QJYjFiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h ÿ ӝ FÿiRK ҩ p d ү nÿmNKL Ӄ QQѫLÿk\WU ӣ WKjQK mӝ WWUXQJWkPNLQKW Ӄ - YăQKyD - [mK ӝ Lÿѭ ӧ c n h i Ӆ XNKiFKGXO ӏ c h t URQJYjQJ Qѭ ӟ FKѭ ӟ QJÿ Ӄ n . Hҵ QJQăP Oѭ ӧ WNKiFKGXO ӏ FKÿ Ӄ Qÿk\QJj\P ӝ WWăQJOrQ YjFRQV ӕ ҩ y ÿѭ ӧ c d ӵ ÿRiQV Ӂ NK{QJQJ ӯ n g ӣ ÿy T h e o t ұ S³7K ӕ QJNrGXO ӏ FK7KjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQKQăP ҥ n 2 0 1 ± 2 0 1 5 ´ , sӕ Oѭ ӧ WNKiFKQ ӝ Lÿ ӏ Dÿ Ӄ n 7KjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQKQKѭV năP 2 0 1 ( 3 . 5 0 0 . 0 ) , 2 0 1 2 ( 3 . 8 0 . 0 0 ) , 2 0 1 3 ( 4 . 1 0 9 . 0 0 0 ) , 2 0 1 4 ( 4 . 4 0 . 0 ) , 2 0 1 5 ( 4 . 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 ) . KKiFKTX ӕ c t Ӄ ÿ Ӄ QWKjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQK JLDLÿR ҥ n (2 0 1 ± 2 0 1 5 ) : 2 0 1 ( 1 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 ) , 2 0 1 2 ( 1 2 . 5 0 . 0 ) , 2 0 1 3 ( 1 5 . 6 0 . 0 0 ) , 2 0 1 4 ( 1 7 . 6 0 . 0 ) , 2 0 1 5 (1 9 . 3 0 . 0 0 ) (Sӣ d u l ӏ FKWKjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQK , 2 0 1 5 ). Dӵ ÿRi n n ăPQJjQKGXO ӏ FK7KjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQK sӁ p h ҩ Qÿ ҩ XÿyQ 5 , 6 t r i Ӌ XOѭ ӧ WNKiFKTX ӕ c t Ӄ WăQJVRY ӟ LQăPW ә n g d o a n h t h u d u l ӏ FKÿ ҥ t 1 2 . 0 t ӹ ÿ ӗ QJWăQJVRY ӟ LQăP 7K{ n g t ҩ Q[m9L Ӌ t N a m , 2 0 1 7 ) . &QJ vӟ i s ӵ WăQJOrQY Ӆ sӕ Oѭ ӧ QJNKiFKÿ Ӄ n v ӟ LWKjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQK6 ӣ Du l ӏ c h WKjQKSK ӕ ÿmYjÿDQJW ӯ QJEѭ ӟ FÿѭDGXO ӏ c h t r ӣ WKjQKP ӝ WWURQJEDQJj Ӄ PNJLQK ӑ n t ҥ LWKjQKSK ӕ QăQJÿ ӝ QJQj\ +jQJOR ҥ t n h ӳ n g WUXQJWkPWKѭѫ n g m ҥ i , dӏ c h v ө d u l ӏ c h , QKjKjQJNKiFKV ҥ QYjFiFNKXOѭXWU~ÿѭ ӧ FTXDQWkPYj ҫ XWѭ SKiWWUL Ӈ QWRjQGL Ӌ nĈL Ӆ XQj\Y{KuQKFKXQJW ҥ o r a s ӭ FpSF ҥ n h t r a n h v Ӆ JLiF ҧ , n g u ӗ QQKkQO ӵ FFKtQKViFKV ҧ n p h ҭ m , d ӏ c h v ө c h o t ҩ t c ҧ ÿѫQY ӏ k i n h d o a n h d u l ӏ c h , ÿ һ c b i Ӌ WOjFiFNKiFKV ҥ n t ҥ LWKjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQK &KtQKYuY ұ \ÿzLK ӓ i m ӝ t s ӵ KRjQWKL Ӌ QWURQJNKkXW ә c h ӭ c p h ө c v ө FNJQJQKѭFK ҩ WOѭ ӧ QJÿ Ӈ ÿ ҧ m b ҧ o s ӵ KjLOzQJ cӫ DNKiFKKjQJ 9j V ҧ n p h ҭ m k i n h d o a n h c h ӫ yӃ u c ӫ a m ӝ W NKiFK V ҥ Q FKtQK Oj NLQ b u ӗ QJSKzQJ v i Ӌ c d X\WUuYjQkQJFDRKѫQQ ӳ a c h ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g p h ө c v ө b u ӗ QJOjP ӝ t t r o n g n h ӳ QJF{QJYL Ӌ c r ҩ t q u a n t r ӑ n g . ĈyFKtQK OjQKkQW ӕ PDQJWtQKTX\ Ӄ Wÿ ӏ n h , 2 ҧ QKKѭ ӣ n g t r ӵ c t i Ӄ Sÿ Ӄ n s ӵ WKjQKF{QJWURQJNLQKGRDQ ҧ QăQJF ҥ n h t r a n h s o v ӟ LFiFÿ ӕ i t h ӫ NKiF H i Ӈ Xÿѭ ӧ c t ҫ m q u a n t r ӑ QJÿy.KiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g ÿmÿѭDUDQK ӳ n g g i ҧ LSKiSYjW ӯ QJEѭ ӟ FKRjQWKL Ӌ QTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g . T u y QKLrQTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g tҥ Lÿk\Y ү QFzQW ӗ n t ҥ i m ӝ t s ӕ vҩ Qÿ Ӆ bҩ t c ұ p , c ҫ n Fy sӵ ÿL Ӆ u c h Ӎ QKÿ Ӈ SKK ӧ SYjKL Ӌ u q u ҧ KѫQ X u ҩ WSKiWW ӯ n h ӳ n g v ҩ Qÿ Ӆ WUrQ ÿ Ӆ WjL ³1JKLrQF ͱ XTXLWUuQKSK ͭ c v ͭ b u ͛ n g t̩ LNKiFKV ̩ QĈ ͱ F9˱ ͫ QJ´ ÿѭ ӧ c c h ӑ n OjPÿ Ӆ WjLNKyDOX ұ n t ӕ t n g h i Ӌ SFQJY ӟ i h i vӑ n g r ҵ n g k Ӄ t q u ҧ QJKLrQF ӭ XQj\ sӁ JySP ӝ t p h ҫ n n h ӓ YjRFKL Ӄ QOѭ ӧ c k i n h d o a n h b u ӗ n g SKzQJF ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ n . 2 . Mө FWLrXQJKLrQF ӭ XYjQKL Ӌ m v ө cӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjL - Mͭ FWLrX Tr a n g b ӏ n h ӳ n g k i Ӄ n t h ӭ FFѫE ҧ n v Ӆ q u y WUuQK p h ө c v ө b u ӗ n g WuPKL Ӈ u v Ӆ FiF TXLWUuQKQJKL Ӌ p v ө PjE ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ QJÿDQJiSG ө n g , t ӯ ÿyÿi QKJLiKL Ӌ u q u ҧ cӫ DFiFTXLWUuQKÿDQJÿѭ ӧ c t h ӵ c t h i . Tӯ nhӳ n g k i n h n g h i Ӌ m t h ӵ c t Ӄ tҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QYjÿiQKJLiѭXQKѭ ӧ FÿL Ӈ m , ÿѭDUDJL ҧ LSKiSJySSK ҫ QKRjQ t h i Ӌ QTXLWUuQK p h ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g . - N h i ͏ m v ͭ T i Ӄ QKjQKSKkQWtFK t h ӵ c t r ҥ QJTX\WUuQK p h ө c v ө b u ӗ n g tҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ c 9ѭ ӧ n g t r o n g t h ӡ i g i a n q u a . 1rXUDÿѭ ӧ c n h ӳ QJÿL Ӈ m m ҥ QKYjQK ӳ n g h ҥ n c h Ӄ cҫ n p h ҧ i k h ҳ c p h ө c . Ĉ Ӆ x u ҩ WTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJSKK ӧ p v ӟ LÿѫQY ӏ , QkQJFDR h i Ӌ u q u ҧ Yj c h ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g p h ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g . 3 . P h ҥ PYLQJKLrQF ӭ u: - P h ̩ m v i v ͉ v̭ Qÿ ͉ QJKLrQF ͱ u : 1JKLrQF ӭ u v Ӆ TXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ӯ JLDLÿR ҥ n c h u ҭ n b ӏ ÿyQNKiFKF{QJWiFÿyQNKiFK ө c v ө NKiFKWURQJT OѭXWU~JL ҧ i q u y Ӄ WFiFWuQKKX ӕ QJSKiWVLQKWURQJTXiWUu ө c v ө NKiFKÿ Ӄ n g i a i ÿR ҥ n t i Ӊ QNKiFKYjG ӑ QSKzQJNKiFKWU ҧ . N h ӳ n g v ҩ Qÿ Ӆ vӅ FѫV ӣ vұ t c h ҩ t , n g u ӗ n QKkQO ӵ FWLrXFKX ҭ n p h ө c v ө FNJQJQ ҵ m t r o n g p h ҥ PYLQJKLrQF ӭ u c ӫ DNKyDOX ұ n Qj\ 3 - P h ̩ m v i v ͉ NK{QJJLDQ Ĉ Ӆ WjLÿѭ ӧ FQJKLrQF ӭ u t ҥ i b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g c ӫ DNKiFK sҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g ± 1 9 5 ± %L9L Ӌ n , P h ҥ P1JNJ/mR4X ұ Q7KjQKSK ӕ Hӗ &Kt M i n h . - P h ҥ m v i v ͉ t h ͥ i g i a n : Ĉ Ӆ WjLJL ӟ i h ҥ n p h ҥ PYLQJKLrQF ӭ u v Ӆ t h ӡ i g i a n t h u t h ұ p , l ҩ y s ӕ l i Ӌ u t ӯ QăP t r ӣ lҥ Lÿk\ . 4 . Ĉ ӕ LWѭ ӧ QJQJKLrQF ӭ u: Ĉ Ӆ WjL tұ SWUXQJQJKLrQF ӭ u TXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g tҥӏ NKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ F9ѭ ӧ n g . 5 . 3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQF ӭ u - Ĉ Ӆ Wj Lÿѭ ӧ c t h ӵ c h i Ӌ QWKHRSKѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQF ӭ Xÿ ӏ QKWtQK&K ӫ yӃ u t h u t h ұ p d ӳ l i Ӌ u b ҵ n g c h ӳ YjOjSKѭѫQJSKiSWL Ӄ p c ұ n n h ҵ PWuPFiFKP{W ҧ YjSKkQWt ÿ һ FÿL Ӈ m c ӫ Dÿ ӕ LWѭ ӧ QJQJKLrQF ӭ u . S ӱ dө QJKuQKWK ӭ c q u i n ҥ p , t ҥ RUDOtWKX Ӄ t , s ӱ dө QJTXDQÿL Ӈ m d i Ӊ n g i ҧ LNK{QJFK ӭ n g m i n h c h Ӎ FyJL ҧ LWKtFKYjGQJ Ӄ t k i Ӄ n tҥ RWURQJQJKLrQF ӭ u . - T h u t h ұ SYj[ ӱ OêWK{QJWLQÿk\OjSKѭѫQJS ӧ c s ӱ dө n g t r o n g s u ӕ Wÿ Ӆ WjL7KXWK ұ SFiFWjLOL Ӌ XOLrQTXDQÿ Ӄ QNKiFKV ҥ n , b ӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ QJTXLWUuQK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJWK{QJTXD TXDQViWJKLFKpSJKLkPJKL 6DXÿyWL Ӄ QKjQKW ә n g h ӧ p SKkQOR ҥ i t h e o m ө FÿtFKF ӫ a t ӯ n g v ҩ Qÿ Ӆ . - 3KѭѫQJSKiSSKkQWtFKW ә n g h ӧ SÿiQKJLi6DX kh i t ә n g h ӧ SFiFWK{QJ g i ҧ t i Ӄ QKjQKSKkQWtFKÿiQKJLiWK ӵ c t r ҥ QJTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ Lÿѫ n v ӏ U~W r a n h ұ Q[pWYjÿ Ӆ x u ҩ t g i ҧ LSKiSSKK ӧ p . 6 . éQJKƭDF ӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjLQJKLrQF ӭ u - éQJKƭDY Ӆ mһ t t h ӵ c t i Ӊ Qÿ Ӆ WjLQKѭOjP ӝ WWjLOL Ӌ u t h a m k h ҧ RJySSK ҫ QJL~S FKRFiFQKjTX ҧ QOêNKiFKV ҥ n b ә VXQJKRjQWKL Ӌ QYjQkQJFDRTXL ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ LÿѫQY ӏ k i n h d o a n h c ӫ DPuQK7K{QJTXDÿyÿ Ӈ g i ӳ FKkQNKiFKKjQ WKXK~WNKiFKKjQJP ӟ Lÿ Ӄ n v ӟ LNKiFKV ҥ n t r o n g h i Ӌ n t ҥ LYjWѭѫQJODL 4 7 . Nӝ LGXQJFKtQKF ӫ Dÿ Ӆ WjL 1JRjLWUDQJSK ө EuDO ӡ i cҧ PѫQO ӡ i FDPÿRDQ n h ұ Q[pWF ӫ DÿѫQY ӏ t h ӵ c t ұ p , n h ұ Q[pWF ӫ a g i iRYLrQKѭ ӟ n g d ү n , mө c l ө c, d a n h m ө FFiFVѫÿ ӗ , d a n h m ө FFiF bҧ n g b i Ӈ XYjKuQK ҧ n h , p h ҫ n m ӣ ÿ ҫ XWjLOL Ӌ u t h a m k h ҧ o , NKyDOX ұ Qÿѭ ӧ FFKLDOjP FKѭѫQJQKѭVDX &K˱˯QJ &ѫV ӣ OêOX ұ n c h u n g v Ӆ TXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJWURQJNKiFK ҥ n. &K˱˯QJ 3KkQWtFKWK ӵ c t r ҥ QJTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ c 9ѭ ӧ n g . &K˱˯QJ G i ҧ LSKiSKRjQWKL Ӌ QTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g t ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QĈ ӭ c 9ѭ ӧ n g . 8 . T h ӡ i g i a n t i Ӄ Qÿ ӝ t h ӵ c h i Ӌ Qÿ Ӆ WjL Tӯ QJj\WKiQJÿ Ӄ QQJj\ WKiQJ 0QăP 5 &+ѬѪ1*&Ѫ6 Ӣ /é/8 Ұ N C H U N G Vӄ 48,75Î1+ P H Ө C V Ө B U Ӗ 1*7521*.+È&+6 Ҥ N &ѫV ӣ OêOX ұ QOjP ӝ t t r o n g n h ӳ n g n Ӆ n t ҧ n g k i Ӄ n t h ӭ FFѫE ҧ Qÿ Ӈ [k\G ӵ QJYj ÿ ӏ QKKѭ ӟ QJQJKLrQF ӭ XNKyDOX ұ n . 7UrQFѫV ӣ ÿyKuQKWKjQKYjSK Ӈ n n ӝ i d u n g cӫ DFiFFKѭѫQJVDX Ӣ FKѭѫQJQj\NKyDOX ұ n t ұ SWUXQJWUu QKEj\FiFQ ӝ i d u n g c ӕ t yӃ XOLrQTXDQÿ Ӄ QNKiFKV ҥ QYjTXLWUuQKSK ө c v ө b u ӗ n g tҥ LNKiFKV ҥ Qÿ Ӈ QJѭ ӡ Lÿ ӑ c FyFiLQKuQW ә QJTXiWY Ӆ nӝ LGXQJNKyDOX ұ n t r o n g n h ӳ n g p h ҫ n t i Ӄ p t h e o . 1 . 1 .KiFKV ҥ n 1 . 1 . 1 .KiLQL ͏ PNKiFKV ̩ n 7KHR0RUFHO*RWLH.KiFKV ҥ QOjQѫLOѭXWU~W ҥ m t h ӡ i c ӫ DGXNKiFKF ӟ i b u ӗ n g n g ӫ FzQFyFiFQKjKjQJY ӟ i n h i Ӆ u c h ӫ n g l o ҥ LNKiFQKDX 7KHRWK{QJWѭV ӕ 0 1 / 2 0 2 / T ± 7&'/QJj\F ӫ a t ә n g c ө c d u l ӏ c h : ³.KiFKV ҥ QOjF{QJWUuQKNL Ӄ QWU~Fÿѭ ӧ F[k\G ӵ QJÿ ӝ c l ұ SFyTXLP{W ӯ 1 0 b u ӗ n g n g ӫ t r ӣ OrQÿ ҧ m b ҧ o c h ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g v Ӆ FѫV ӣ vұ t c h ҩ t , t r a n g t h i Ӄ t b ӏ , d ӏ c h v ө cҫ n t h i Ӄ t p h ө c v ө NKiFKGXO ӏ FK´ 1 . 1 . 2 3KkQOR ̩ LNKiFKV ̩ n T h e o v ӏ WUtÿ ӏ DOê 7KHRWLrXFKtQj\FiFNKiFKV ҥ Qÿѭ ӧ FSKkQWKjQKOR ҥ i : - .KiFKV ҥ QWKjQKSK ӕ NKiFKV ҥ QF{QJY ө ) .KiFKV ҥ QWKjQKSK ӕ ÿѭ ӧ c [k\G ӵ n g ӣ WUXQJWkPWKjQKSK ӕ lӟ QFiFWUXQ ÿ{WK ӏ h o һ FFiFWUXQJWkPÿ{QJGkQFѭQK ҵ m p h ө c v ө FiFÿ ӕ LWѭ ӧ QJNKiFKÿL mө FÿtFKF{QJY ө WKDPJLDYjRFiFK ӝ i n g h ӏ , t h Ӈ WKDRWKăPQJѭ ӡ LWKkQPXD ҳ m h o һ FWKDPTXDQYăQKyD - .KiFKV ҥ n n g h Ӎ Gѭ ӥ n g ( R e s o r t H o t e l ) .KiFKV ҥ n n g h Ӎ Gѭ ӥ QJÿѭ ӧ F[k\G ӵ n g ӣ n h ӳ n g k h u d u l ӏ c h n g h Ӎ Gѭ ӥ n g d ӵ a YjR QJX ӗ Q WjL QJX\rQ WKLrQ QKLrQ QKѭ FiF ҥ n n g h Ӎ b i Ӈ Q NKiFK V ҥ Q Q~L .KiFKÿ Ӄ Qÿk\Y ӟ i m ө FÿtFKQJK Ӎ QJѫLWKѭJLmQOjFK ӫ yӃ u . N h ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ n n g h Ӎ 6 Gѭ ӥ QJWKѭ ӡ n g c hӏ u s ӵ p h ө t h u ӝ FYjRÿL Ӆ u k i Ӌ n t h ӡ i t i Ӄ WNKtK ұ XQrQKR ҥ Wÿ ӝ n g t h e o t h ӡ i v ө . - .KiFKV ҥ QYHQÿ{6XEXUEDQKRWHO .KiFKV ҥ QYHQÿ{ÿѭ ӧ F[k\G ӵ n g ӣ v e n n g o ҥ LYLWKjQKSK ӕ h o һ FFiFWUXQJ ÿ{WK ӏ . T h ӏ WUѭ ӡ QJNKiFKFKtQKF ӫ DFiFNKiFKV ҥ QQj\OjNKiFKÿLQ Ӎ c u ӕ i t u ҫ Qÿ{L NKLFyF ҧ NKiFKF{QJY ө FyNK ҧ QăQJWKDQKWRiQWUXQJEuQK һ c t h ҩ p . - .KiFKV ҥ QYHQÿѭ ӡ n g ( H i g h w a y H o t e l ) .KiFKV ҥ QYHQÿѭ ӡ QJÿѭ ӧ F[k\G ӵ n g ӣ v e n d ӑ FFiFÿѭ ӡ n g q u ӕ c l ӝ n h ҵ m p h ө c vө FiFÿ ӕ LWѭ ӧ QJNKiFKÿLO ҥ LWUrQFiFWX\ Ӄ Qÿѭ ӡ n g q u ӕ c l ӝ sӱ dө QJSKѭѫQJWL Ӌ n v ұ n c h u y Ӈ QOj{W{YjP{W{ - .KiFKV ҥ QVkQED\$LUSRUW+RWHO .KiFKV ҥ QVkQED\ÿѭ ӧ F[k\G ӵ n g ӣ gҫ QFiFVkQED\TX ӕ c t Ӄ lӟ QĈ ӕ LWѭ ӧ n g NKiFKF ӫ a l o ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QQj\OjQK ӳ QJKjQKNKiFKF ӫ DFiFKDQJKjQJ ӯ n g FKkQTXiF ҧ n h t ҥ LFiFVkQED y q u ӕ c t Ӄ d o l ӏ FKWUuQKE ҳ t b u ӝ c h o һ FYuE ҩ WNuOêGR ӝ t x u ҩ WQjRNKiF *LiSKzQJF ӫ DÿDV ӕ FiFNKiFKV ҥ QVkQED\WUrQWK Ӄ g i ӟ i n ҵ m n g a y WURQJJLiWU ӑ QJyLF ӫ DKm QJKjQJNK{QJ T h e o m ӭ c c u n g c ҩ p d ӏ c h v ө - .KiFKV ҥ n s a n g t r ӑ n g ( L u x u r y H o t e l ) .KiFKV ҥ n s a n g t rӑ QJOjNKiFKV ҥ QFyWK ӭ hҥ n g c a o n h ҩ WWѭѫQJ ӭ n g v ӟ LNKiFK sҥ n h ҥ n g 5 s a o ӣ V i Ӌ W1DP/jNKiFKV ҥ QTXLP{O ӟ Qÿѭ ӧ c t r a n g b ӏ bӣ i n h ӳ n g t r a n g t h i Ӄ t b ӏ t i Ӌ QQJKLÿ ҳ t t i Ӆ n , s a n g t r ӑ QJÿѭ ӧ FWUDQJKRjQJÿ ҽ p . C u n g c ҩ p m ӭ Fÿ ӝ c a o n h ҩ t v Ӆ FiFG ӏ c h v ө bә VXQJÿ һ c b i Ӌ WOjFiFG ӏ c h v ө bә s u n g t ҥ LSKzQJG ӏ c h v ө g i ҧ i WUtQJRjLWU ӡ i , d ӏ c h v ө t h ҭ m m ӻ SKzQJK ӑ S«.KiFKV ҥ QQj\FyGL Ӌ QWtFKF ӫ DFiFNKX vӵ c s ӱ dө n g c h u n g r ҩ t r ӝ QJEmLÿ ӛ lӟ QYjEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ m c ӫ DPuQKY ӟ i m ӭ FJLiFD n h ҩ WWURQJYQJ - .KiFKV ҥ n v ӟ i d ӏ c h v ө ÿ ҫ \ÿ ӫ ( F u l s e r v i c e h o t e l ) .KiFKV ҥ n v ӟ i d ӏ c h v ө ÿ ҫ \ÿ ӫ OjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ m r a v ӟ i m ӭ c JLiFDRWK ӭ KDLWURQJYQJWK ҩ SKѫQJLiF ӫ DFiFNKiFKV ҥ QWURQJQKyPW ӭ n h ҩ t ) . .KiFKV ҥ n l o ҥ LQj\WѭѫQJ ӭ n g v ӟ LFiFNKiFKV ҥ n t h ӭ hҥ n g 4 s a o ӣ V i Ӌ t N a m . T h ӏ WUѭ ӡ QJ NKiFK F ӫ D FiF NKiFK V ҥ Q Qj\ Oj ÿR ҥ n t h ӏ WUѭ ӡ QJ Fy NK ҧ QăQJ WKDQK 7 WѭѫQJÿ ӕ LFDR1JRjLUDFiFNKiFKV ҥ n c u n g c ҩ p d ӏ c h v ө ÿ ҫ \ÿ ӫ WKѭ ӡ n g p h ҧ LFyEmL ÿ ӛ rӝ n g , c u n g c ҩ p d ӏ c h v ө ăQX ӕ n g t ҥ LSKzQJFyQKjKjQJYj ҩ p m ӝ t s ӕ dӏ c h vө bә VXQJQJRj i t r ӡ i m ӝ WFiFKK ҥ n c h Ӄ . - .KiFKV ҥ n c u n g c ҩ p s ӕ Oѭ ӧ n g h ҥ n c h Ӄ dӏ c h v ө ( L i m i t e d s e r v i c e h o t e l ) L o ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QQj\ÿzLK ӓ LFyTX\P{WUXQJEuQKYj ӭ n g v ӟ LFiFNKi s a n 3 s a o ӣ V i Ӌ W1DPOjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ POѭXWU~Y ӟ i m ӭ FJLiFDR ӭ 3 t r o QJYQJYjQK ҵ PYjRÿ ӕ LWѭ ӧ QJNKiFKFyNK ҧ QăQJWKDQKWRiQW t h ӏ WUѭ ӡ n g . N h ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ n l o ҥ LQj\WKѭ ӡ n g c h Ӎ c u n g c ҩ p m ӝ t s ӕ Oѭ ӧ n g r ҩ t h ҥ n c h Ӄ vӅ dӏ c h v ө WURQJÿyQK ӳ n g d ӏ c h v ө bҳ t b u ӝ c p h ҧ LFy ӣ ÿk\ OjG ӏ c h v ө ăQX ӕ n g , m ӝ t sӕ dӏ c h v ө bә s u QJQKѭG ӏ c h v ө g i һ WOjG ӏ c h v ө c u n g c ҩ SWK{QJWLQYjP ӝ t s ӕ dӏ c h v ө bә VXQJNKiFNK{QJQK ҩ t t h i Ӄ t p h ҧ LFySKzQJK ӑ SYjFiFG ӏ c h v ө QJRjLWU ӡ i . - .KiFKV ҥ n t h ӭ hҥ n g t h ҩ p ( e c o n o m y h o t e l ) L o ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QEuQKGkQOjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QFyTX\P{QK ӓ , t h ӭ hҥ n g t h ҩ p ( 1 ± VDRFyP ӭ FJLiEX ӗ QJEiQUD ӣ mӭ Fÿ ӝ t h ҩ SWUrQWK ӏ WUѭ ӡ n g . N h ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ n Qj\NK{QJQK ҩ t t h i Ӄ t p h ҧ LFyG ӏ c h v ө ăQX ӕ QJQKѭQJSK ҧ LFyP ӝ t s ӕ dӏ c h v ө bә s u n g ÿѫQJL ҧ QÿLNqPY ӟ i d ӏ c h v ө OѭXWU~FKtQKQKѭG ӏ c h v ө ÿiQKWK ӭ FNKiFKYjR ә i ViQJG ӏ ch v ө g i һ WOjG ӏ c h v ө c u n g c ҩ SWK{QJWLQ ( N g u y Ӊ Q9ăQ0 ҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) . 3KkQOR ҥ i t h e o m ӭ FJLiEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ POѭXWU~ C h Ӎ ÿѭ ӧ FiSG ө QJULrQJFKRW ӯ n g q u ӕ FJLiYuQySK ө t h u ӝ FYjRP ӭ Fÿ ӝ SKiW t r i Ӈ n c ӫ a h o ҥ W ÿ ӝ QJ NLQK GRDQK NKiFK V ҥ n ӣ mӛ L Qѭ ӟ F Ĉ Ӈ SKkQ OR ҥ L FiF GRD n h n g h i Ӌ SNKiFKV ҥ QWKHRWLrXFKtQj\FiFFKX\rQ ҧ i k h ҧ RViWW ҩ t c ҧ FiFNKiFK sҥ QWURQJQѭ ӟ FQJKLrQF ӭ XYjJKLO ҥ LFiFP ӭ FJLiF{QJE ӕ EiQEX ӗ QJWUXQJE cӫ DFK~QJU ӗ i t ҥ RQrQP ӝ WWKѭ ӟ FÿR . - .KiFKV ҥ QFyP ӭ FJLiFDRQK ҩ t ( L u x u r y H o t e l ) /jQK ӳ n g k h iFKV ҥ QFyP ӭ FJLiEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ POѭXWU~UDQJRjL ӏ WUѭ ӡ n g n ҵ m t r o n g k h o ҧ n g n ҩ c t h ӭ 8 5 t r ӣ OrQWUrQWKѭ ӟ FÿR1KѭY ұ \KDLWLrXFKtS ҥ LNKiFK sҥ n t h e o m ӭ c c u n g c ҩ p d ӏ c h v ө YjWKHRP ӭ FJLiOX{QJSK ҧ Lÿѭ ӧ F[HP[pWÿ ӗ n g t h ӡ i vӟ i n h a u . - .KiFKV ҥ QFyP ӭ c JLiFDRXSVFDOHKRWHO 8 /jQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ POѭXWU~UDWK ӏ WUѭ ӡ n g ӣ mӭ FJLiWѭѫQJ ӕ i c a o , n ҵ m t r o n g k h o ҧ n g t ӯ p h ҫ n t h ӭ 7 0 ± WUrQWKѭ ӟ FÿR - .KiFKV ҥ QFyP ӭ FJLiWUXQJEuQK0LGSULFHK /jQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ POѭXWU~UDWK ӏ WUѭ ӡ n g ӣ mӭ FJLiWUXQJ nҵ m t r o n g k h o ҧ n g t ӯ p h ҫ n 4 0 ± WUrQWKѭ ӟ FÿR - .KiFKV ҥ QFyP ӭ FJLiEuQKGkQ(FRQRP\KRWHO /jQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ POѭXWU~UDWK ӏ WUѭ ӡ n g ӣ mӭ DJLiEiQW ÿ ӕ i t h ҩ p n ҵ m t r o n g k h o ҧ n g t ӯ p h ҫ n t h ӭ 2 0 ± WUrQWKѭ ӟ FÿR - KKiFKV ҥ QFyP ӭ FJLiWK ҩ p n h ҩ t ( B u d g e t h o t e l ) /jQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QEiQV ҧ n p h ҭ POѭXWU~UDWK ӏ WUѭ ӡ n g ӣ mӭ FJLiWK ҩ p n h ҩ t , nҵ m t r o n g k h o ҧ n g t ӯ p h ҫ n t h ӭ 2 0 t r ӣ x u ӕ QJ WUrQ WKѭ ӟ F ÿR ( N g u y Ӊ Q 9ăQ 0 ҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) . 7KHRTXLP{F ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ n : Dӵ DYjRV ӕ Oѭ ӧ QJFiFEX ӗ n g n gӫ t h e o t h i Ӄ t k Ӄ cӫ DFiFNKiFKV ҥ QPjQJѭ ӡ i t a SKkQNKiFKV ҥ QWKjQKFiFOR ҥ LVDXÿk\ .KiFKV ҥ QTXLP{O ӟ n .KiFKV ҥ QTXLP{WUXQJEuQK .KiFKV ҥ QTXLP{QK ӓ 7X\QKLrQNKiFKV ҥ QTXLP{O ӟ n , v ӯ a h a y n h ӓ p h ҧ LFyEDRQKLrX ӗ n g t h i Ӄ t kӃ OjW\YjRP ӭ Fÿ ӝ SKiWWUL Ӈ n c ӫ a h o ҥ Wÿ ӝ QJNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n ӣ tӯ n g q u ӕ c g i a NKiFKQKDX Tҥ i V i Ӌ W1DPFiFNKiFKV ҥ QWKHRWLrXFKtQj\ÿѭ ӧ c t ҥ m t h ӡ LSKkQOR ҥ LQKѭ s a u : .KiFKV ҥ QTX\P{O ӟ QOjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QFyWK ӭ hҥ QJVDRQrQK Ӌ n n a y FK~QJWѭѫQJ ӭ n g v ӟ i s ӕ b u ӗ n g t h i Ӄ t k Ӄ OjW ӯ 2 0 t r ӣ OrQ .KiFKV ҥ QTXLP{WUXQJEuQKOjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QFyW ӯ 5 0 b u ӗ n g t h i Ӄ t k Ӄ t r ӣ OrQÿ Ӄ n c ұ n 2 0 b u ӗ QJ&zQFiFNKiFKV ҥ QTXLP{QK ӓ nҵ m ӣ g i ӟ i h ҥ QGѭ ӟ i c ӫ a bҧ QJSKkQOR ҥ LWKHRWLrXFKtQj\ ( N g u y Ӊ Q9ăQ0 ҥ n h , 2 0 0 8 ) . 7KHRKuQKWK ӭ c s ӣ hӳ XYjTX ҧ QOê 9 7KHRWLrXFKtQj\ ӣ V i Ӌ W1DPFyWK Ӈ FKLDWKjQKOR ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QWѭQKkQ NKiFKV ҥ QQKjQѭ ӟ FYjNKiFKV ҥ QOLrQGRDQKQKyPNKiFKV ҥ n . - &iFNKiFKV ҥ QWѭQKkQ .KiFKV ҥ QWѭQKkQOjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QFyP ӝ t c h ӫ ÿ ҫ XWѭOjP ӝ WFiQKkQ mӝ W F{QJ W \ WUiFK QKL Ӌ m h ӳ u h ҥ n . C h ӫ ÿ ҫ X Wѭ W ӵ ÿL Ӆ X KjQK TX ҧ Q Oê NLQK G NKiFKV ҥ QYjW ӵ c h ӏ XWUiFKQKL Ӌ m v Ӆ kӃ t q u ҧ k i n h d o a n h c u ӕ LFQJF ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ n - .KiFKV ҥ QQKjQѭ ӟ c .KiFKV ҥ QQKjQѭ ӟ FOjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ QFyY ӕ Qÿ ҫ XWѭEDQÿ ҫ XOjF ӫ DQKj Qѭ ӟ c , d o m ӝ t t ә c h ӭ c KD\F{QJW\TX ӕ c d o a n h c h ӏ XWUiFKQKL Ӌ PÿL Ӆ XKjQKTX ҧ QOê YjWURQJTXiWUuQKNLQKGRDQKSK ҧ i t ӵ c h ӏ XWUiFKQKL Ӌ m v Ӆ kӃ t q u ҧ k i n h d o a n h c u ӕ i FQJF ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ n . L o ҥ i KuQKGRDQKQJKL Ӌ SNKiFKV ҥ QQj\V Ӂ ÿ ҫ n d ҫ n p h ҧ Lÿѭ ӧ c c h u y Ӈ QVDQJWKjQKOR ҥ LKuQKGRDQKQJKL Ӌ p h o һ c c h Ӎ Fy P ӝ t c h ӫ ÿ ҫ XWѭKR һ FFy n h i Ӆ u c h ӫ ÿ ҫ XWѭWURQJÿyQKjQѭ ӟ FFyWK Ӈ sӁ OjP ӝ t c ә ÿ{QJ - .KiFKV ҥ QOLrQGRDQK .KiFKV ҥ QOLrQGRDQKOjQK ӳ QJNKiFKV ҥ n d o h a i h o һ c n h i Ӆ u c h ӫ ÿ ҫ XWѭE ӓ t i Ӆ n UD[k\G ӵ QJNKiFKV ҥ n m u a s ҳ m t r a n g t h i Ӄ t b ӏ . V Ӆ mһ t q u ҧ n OêFyWK Ӈ d o h a i h o һ c n h i Ӆ Xÿ ӕ LWiFWKDPJLDÿL Ӆ XKjQKTX ҧ QOêNKiFKV ҥ n . K Ӄ t q u ҧ NLQKGRDQKÿѭ ӧ FSKk n c h i a t h e o t ӹ lӋ JySY ӕ n c ӫ DFiFFK ӫ ÿ ҫ XWѭKR һ c t h e o t h ӓ a t h u ұ n t r o n g h ӧ Sÿ ӗ QJOLrQ GRDQKOLrQN Ӄ t . 7UrQWK ӵ c t Ӄ FyQKL Ӆ u l o ҥ LNKiFKV ҥ QOLrQGRDQKOLrQ kӃ WOLrQN Ӄ t s ӣ hӳ XOLrQ kӃ t q u ҧ QOêOLrQN Ӄ t h ӛ n h ӧ p . /LrQN Ӄ t v Ӆ sӣ hӳ u g ӑ LOjFiFNKiFKV ҥ n c ә p h ҫ QĈyOjFiFNKiF n h i Ӆ XFiQKkQKR һ c h a i h a y n h i Ӆ u t ә c h ӭ Fÿ ҫ XWѭ[k\G ӵ n g . K Ӄ t q u ҧ k i n h d o a n h c u ӕ i FQJÿѭ ӧ FSKkQFKLDWKHRW ӹ lӋ JySY ӕ n c ӫ DFiFFK ӫ ÿ ҫ XWѭKR һ c c ӫ DFiFF ә ÿ{QJ .KiFKV ҥ QOLrQN Ӄ Wÿ һ c q u y Ӆ n : /j NKiFK V ҥ Q Wѭ QKkQ KR һ F NKiFK V ҥ n c ә p h ҫ n v Ӆ sӣ hӳ X 3KtD FK ӫ ÿ ҫ X Wѭ NKiFKV ҥ n p h ҧ i t ӵ ÿL Ӆ XKjQKTX ҧ QOêNKiFKV ҥ QYjW ӵ c h ӏ XWUiFKQKL Ӌ m v Ӆ kӃ t q u ҧ k i n h d o a n h c u ӕ LFQJF ӫ DNKiFK sҥ Q%rQPXDWK ӵ c h i Ӌ n v i Ӌ c m u a l ҥ i c ӫ a m ӝ t t ұ p ÿRjQNKiFKV ҥ n q u y Ӆ Qÿ ӝ c q u y Ӆ n s ӱ dө QJWKѭѫQJKL Ӌ u v Ӆ mӝ t l o ҥ LKuQKNLQK NKiFKV ҥ n c ӫ a t ұ SÿRjQW ҥ i m ӝ Wÿ ӏ DSKѭѫQJQK ҩ Wÿ ӏ n h t r o n g m ӝ t k h o ҧ n g t h ӡ i g i a n 1 0 n h ҩ Wÿ ӏ QKWUrQF ӣ sӣ cӫ a m ӝ t b ҧ n h ӧ Sÿ ӗ QJFyJKL U}FiFTX\ Ӆ n l ӧ LYjQJKƭDY ө cӫ a mӛ LErQÿ ӕ LWiFWKDPJLD7K ӵ c c h ҩ t c ӫ a l o ҥ LKuQKOLrQGRDQKQj\ lҥ i c ӫ DErQEiQEtTX\ Ӄ WÿL Ӆ XKjQKTX ҧ QOêYjÿѭ ӧ c m ӝ t s ӕ ÿ һ c q u y Ӆ n t r o n g k i n h GRDQKGRFiFW ұ SÿRjQNKiFKFXQJF ҩ p . .KiFKV ҥ n h ӧ Sÿ ӗ n g q u ҧ QOêOjNKiFKV ҥ QWѭQKkQKR һ FNKiFKV ҥ n c ә p h ҫ n vӅ sӣ hӳ X.KiFKV ҥ Qÿѭ ӧ FÿL Ӆ XKjQKTX ҧ QOêE ӣ i m ӝ WQKyPFiFQKjTX ҧ QOêGRF ӫ ÿ ҫ XWѭWKXrF ӫ a m ӝ t t ұ SÿRjQNKiFKV ҥ QWUrQFѫV ӣ cӫ a m ӝ t b ҧ n h ӧ Sÿ ӗ n g g ӑ LOjK ӧ p ÿ ӗ n g q u ҧ QOê /LrQN Ӄ t h ӛ n h ӧ SOjNKiFKV ҥ QOLrQN Ӄ t k Ӄ t h ӧ SFiFKuQKWK ӭ FWUrQ ( N g u y Ӊ n 9ăQ0 ҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) . 1 . 1 . 3 .KiLQL ͏ PNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ̩ n ³.LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QOjKR ҥ Wÿ ӝ QJNLQKGRDQKWUrQFѫ ӣ c u n g c ҩ SFiFG ӏ c h vө OѭXWU~ăQX ӕ QJYjFiFG ӏ c h v ө bә VXQJFKRNKiFKQK ҵ PÿiS ӭ QJFiFQKXF ҫ XăQ n g h Ӎ YjJL ҧ LWUtF ӫ a h ӑ tҥ LFiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h n h ҵ m m ө FÿtFKFyOm L´ (N g u y Ӊ Q9ăQ Mҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) . 1 . 1 . 4 Ĉ ̿ FÿL ͋ m c ͯ DNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ̩ n .LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n p h ө c t h u ӝ FYjRWjLQJX\rQGXO ӏ c h t ҥ LFiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h .LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n ÿѭ ӧ c t i Ӄ QKjQKWKjQKF{QJ ӣ n h ӳ QJQѫL FyWjLQJX d u l ӏ c h , b ӣ i l Ӂ WjLQJX\rQGXO ӏ FKOj\ Ӄ u t ӕ WK~Fÿ ҭ \WK{LWK~FFRQQ ӡ LÿLGXO ӏ c h . TjLQJX\rQGXO ӏ FKFy ҧ QKKѭ ӣ n g r ҩ t m ҥ QKÿ Ӄ n k i n h d o a n h c ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ n . M һ WNKiF k h ҧ QăQJWL Ӄ p n h ұ n c ӫ DWjLQJX\ Ӌ n d u l ӏ c h ӣ mӛ LÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h s Ӂ q u y Ӄ Wÿ ӏ n h ÿ Ӄ n q u i P{F ӫ DFiFNKiFKV ҥ QWURQJYQJ*LiWU ӏ YjV ӭ c h ҩ p d ү n c ӫ DWjLQJX\rQG ӏ FKFy WiFG ө n g q u y Ӄ Wÿ ӏ n h t h ӭ hҥ n g c ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ Q&KtQKYuY ұ \ NKLÿ ҫ XWѭYjRN GRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QÿzLK ӓ i p h ҧ LQJKLrQF ӭ u k ӻ FiFWK{QJV ӕ cӫ DWjLQJX\rQ ӏ c h FNJQJQKѭ n h ӳ QJQKyPNKiFKKjQJP ө FWLrXYjNKiFKKjQJWL Ӆ PQăQJE ӏ hҩ p d ү n t ӟ i ÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ FKPj[iFÿ ӏ QKFiFFK Ӎ sӕ kӻ t h u ұ t c ӫ a m ӝ WF{QJWUuQKNKiF ҥ QNKLÿ ҫ u Wѭ[k\G ӵ QJYjWKL Ӄ t k Ӄ .KLFiFÿL Ӆ n k i Ӌ QNKiFKTXDQWiFÿ ӝ n g t ӟ LJLiWU ӏ YjV ӭ c h ҩ p dү n c ӫ DWjLQJX\r n d u l ӏ FKWKD\ÿ ә i s Ӂ ÿ zLK ӓ i s ӵ ÿL Ӆ u c h Ӎ n h v Ӆ FѫV ӣ vұ t c h ҩ t k ӻ t h u ұ t c ӫ DFiFNKiFKV ҥ n t ҥ LFiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ FKFNJQJFy ҧ QKKѭ ӣ n g t ӟ i v i Ӌ FOjPWăQ 1 h a y g i ҧ P JLi WU ӏ cӫ D WjL QJX\rQ GX O ӏ c h t ҥ L FiF WUXQJ WkP GX O ӏ c h ( N g u y Ӊ Q 9ăQ Mҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) . .LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QÿzLK ӓ LGXQJOѭ ӧ n g v ӕ Qÿ ҫ XWѭO ӟ n DR\rXF ҫ u v Ӆ WtQKFK ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g c a o c ӫ a s ҧ n p h ҭ PNKiFKV ҥ QÿzLK ӓ LFiFWKj p h ҫ n c ӫ DFѫV ӣ vұ t c h ҩ t k ӻ t h u ұ t c ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QFNJQJSK ҧ LFyFK ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g c a o . C hҩ t Oѭ ӧ n g c ӫ DFѫV ӣ vұ t c h ҩ t k ӻ t h u ұ t c ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QWăQJOrQFQJY ӟ i s ӵ WăQJOrQF ӫ a t h ӭ hҥ QJNKiFKV ҥ n . S ӵ s a n g t r ӑ n g c ӫ DFiFWKL Ӄ t b ӏ ÿѭ ӧ c l ҳ Sÿ һ WErQWURQJN ҥ n FKtQKOjP ӝ WQJX\rQQKkQÿ ҭ \FKLSKtÿ ҫ XWѭEDQÿ ҫ u c ӫ DF{QJWUuQKNK ҥ QOrQ c a o . 1JRjLUDÿ һ FÿL Ӈ PQj\FzQ[X ҩ WSKiWW ӯ mӝ t s ӕ QJX\rQQKkQNKiF FKLSK EDQÿ ҫ XFKRFѫV ӣ hҥ tҫ n g c ӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QFDRFKLSKtÿ ҩ WÿDLFKRP ӝ WF{QJWU NKiFKV ҥ n l ӟ n ( N g u y Ӊ Q9ăQ0 ҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) . .LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QÿzLK ӓ LGXQJOѭ ӧ QJODRÿ ӝ n g t r ӵ c t i Ӄ SWѭѫQJÿ ӕ i l ӟ n Sҧ n p h ҭ PNKiFKV ҥ n c h ӫ yӃ XPDQJWtQKFK ҩ t p h ө c v ө YjV ӵ p h ө c v ө Qj\NK{QJ t h Ӈ FѫJL ӟ LKyDÿѭ ӧ FPjFK Ӎ ÿѭ ӧ c t h ӵ c h i Ӌ n b ӣ i n h ӳ QJQKkQYLrQSK ө c v ө t r o n g NKiFKV ҥ n . M һ WNKiFODRÿ ӝ QJWURQJNKiFKV ҥ QFyWtQKFKX\rQP{ T h ӡ LJLDQODRÿ ӝ n g l ҥ i p h ө t h u ӝ FYjRWK ӡ LJLDQWLrXGQJF ӫ DNKiFKWKѭ ӡ QJNpRG jL 2 4 / 2 4 g i ӡ mӛ LQJj\'RY ұ y , c ҫ n p h ҧ i s ӱ dө n g m ӝ t s ӕ Oѭ ӧ n g l ӟ QODRÿ ӝ n g p h ө c v ө t r ӵ c t i Ӄ SWURQJNKiFKV ҥ n . V ӟ Lÿ һ FÿL Ӈ PQj\FiFQKjTX ҧ QOêNKiFKV ҥ QOX{QSK ҧ i ÿ ӕ i m һ t v ӟ i n h ӳ QJNKyNKăQY Ӆ FKLSKtODRÿ ӝ n g t r ӵ c t i Ӄ SWѭѫQJÿ ӕ LFDRNKy ҧ m t h i Ӈ u c h i p h tPjNK{QJOjP ҧ QKKѭ ӣ n g x ҩ u t ӟ i c h ҩ WOѭ ӧ n g d ӏ c h v ө cӫ DNKiFKV ҥ n . .KyNKăQF ҧ WURQJF{QJWiFWX\ Ӈ n m ӝ , l ӵ a c h ӑ QYjSKkQF{QJE ӕ WUtQJX ӗ QQKkQO ӵ c cӫ DPuQK7URQJFiFÿL Ӆ u k i Ӌ QNLQKGRDQKWKHRPDY ө FiFQKjTX ҧ QOêNKiFK ҥ n WKѭ ӡ n g c o i v i Ӌ c g i ҧ m t h i Ӈ u c KLSKtODRÿ ӝ n g m ӝ WFiFKK ӧ SOêOjP ӝ WWKiFKWK ӭ Fÿ ӕ i vӟ i h ӑ . .LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QPDQJWtQKTX\OX ұ t .LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n c h ӏ u s ӵ c h i p h ӕ i c ӫ a m ӝ t s ӕ QKkQW ӕ PjFK~QJO ҥ i h o ҥ t ÿ ӝ n g t h e o m ӝ t s ӕ q u i l u ұ WQKѭTXLOX ұ t t ӵ QKLrQTXLOX ұ t k i n h t Ӄ - [mK ӝ i , q u i l u ұ t WkPOêF ӫ DFRQQJѭ ӡ L« 1 2 C h ҷ n g h ҥ n , s ӵ p h ө t h u ӝ FYjRWjLQJX\rQGXO ӏ FKÿ һ c b i Ӌ WOjWjLQJX\ QKLrQY ӟ i n h ӳ n g b i Ӄ Qÿ ӝ n g l һ SÿLO һ p l ҥ i c ӫ a t h ӡ i t i Ӄ WNKtK ұ XWURQJQăPO ҥ o r a n h ӳ QJWKD\ÿ ә i t h e o n h ӳ n g q u i l u ұ t n h ҩ Wÿ ӏ QKWURQJJLiWU ӏ Yj sӭ c h ҩ p d ү n c ӫ DWj i QJX\rQÿ ӕ i v ӟ LNKiFKGXO ӏ c h , t ӯ ÿyJk\UDV ӵ b i Ӄ Qÿ ӝ QJWKHRPDF ӫ DOѭ ӧ n g c ҫ u d u lӏ FKÿ Ӄ QFiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h . T ӯ ÿyW ҥ o r a s ӵ WKD\ÿ ә LWKHRPDWURQJN ӫ a NKiFKV ҥ Qÿ һ c b i Ӌ WOjFiFNKiFKV ҥ n n g h Ӎ Gѭ ӥ n g ӣ FiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h n g h Ӎ b i Ӈ n h o һ c n g h Ӎ Q~L 'FK ӏ u s ӵ c h i p h ӕ i c ӫ a q u i l u ұ WQjRÿLQ ӳ DWKuÿL Ӆ XÿyFNJQJJk\UD ӳ QJWiF ÿ ӝ QJ WLrX F ӵ F Yj WtFK F ӵ F ÿ ӕ i v ӟ L NLQK GRDQK NKiFK V ҥ n . V ҩ Q ÿ Ӆ ÿ һ W UD FKR NKiFKV ҥ QOjSK ҧ LQJKLrQF ӭ u k ӻ FiFTX\OX ұ WYjV ӵ WiFÿ ӝ n g c ӫ DFK~QJÿ Ӄ QNKiFK sҥ Qÿ Ӈ tӯ ÿyFK ӫ ÿ ӝ QJWuPNL Ӄ PFiFEL Ӌ QSKiSK ӳ u h i Ӌ Xÿ Ӈ k h ҳ c p h ө c n h ӳ QJWiF ÿ ӝ n g b ҩ t l ӧ i c ӫ DFK~QJYjSKiWKX\QK ӳ QJWiFÿ ӝ QJFyO ӧ i n h ҵ PSKiWWUL Ӈ n h o ҥ Wÿ ӝ n g NLQKGRDQKFyKL Ӌ u q u ҧ . Vӟ i n h ӳ QJÿ һ FÿL Ӈ PWUrQF ӫ DNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n , v i Ӌ c t ҥ o r a m ӝ t s ҧ n p h ҭ m cӫ DNKiFKV ҥ QFyFK ҩ WOѭ ӧ QJFDRFyV ӭ c h ҩ p d ү n l ӟ Qÿ ӕ i v ӟ LNKiFKOjF{ Ӌ c NK{QJFK Ӎ p h ө t h u ӝ FYjRQJX ӗ n v ӕ QYjODRÿ ӝ QJPjFzQSK ө t h u ӝ FYjRQăQJ ӵ c cӫ D QKj TX ҧ Q Oê WURQJ V ӵ vұ Q KjQK Yj NK ҧ QăQJ N Ӄ t h ӧ S FiF \ Ӄ u t ӕ ÿy UD VD ( N g u y Ӊ Q9ăQ0 ҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) 1 . 1 . 5 éQJKƭDF ͯ a h o ̩ Wÿ ͡ QJNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ̩ n é QJKƭDNLQKW Ӄ .LQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QOjP ӝ t t r o n g n h ӳ n g h o ҥ Wÿ ӝ QJFKtQKF ӫ DQJjQKGX ӏ c h YjWK ӵ c h i Ӌ n n h ӳ n g n h i Ӌ m v ө q u a n t r ӑ n g c ӫ DQJjQK0 ӕ LOLrQK Ӌ g i ӳ a k i n h d o a n h NKiFKV ҥ QYjQJjQKGXO ӏ c h c ӫ a m ӝ t q u ӕ c g i a NK{QJSK ҧ LOjTXDQK Ӌ mӝ t c h i Ӆ XPj QJѭ ӧ c l ҥ LNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QFNJQJWiFÿ ӝ QJÿ Ӄ n s ӵ SKiWWUL Ӈ n c ӫ a n g jQKGXO ӏ c h Yjÿ Ӄ Qÿ ӡ i s ӕ n g k i n h t Ӄ - [mK ӝ LQyLFKXQJF ӫ a m ӝ t q u ӕ c g i a . 7K{QJTXDNLQKGRDQKOѭXWU~YjăQX ӕ n g c ӫ DFiFNKiFKV ҥ n m ӝ t p h ҫ n t r o n g q u ӻ WLrXGQJF ӫ DQJѭ ӡ LGkQÿѭ ӧ c s ӱ dө QJYjRYL Ӌ FWLrXGQJFiFG ӏ c h v ө YjKjQJ KyDF ӫ DFiFGRDQKQJKL Ӌ SNKiFKV ҥ n t ҥ LFiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h . K Ӄ t q u ҧ dү Qÿ Ӄ n s ӵ SKkQ p h ӕ i l ҥ i g i ӳ DFiFYQJWURQJQѭ ӟ c q u ӻ WLrXGQJFiQKkQ0 ӝ t p h ҫ n t r o n g q u ӻ WLrX 1 3 GQJW ӯ t h u n h ұ p c ӫ DQJѭ ӡ LGkQW ӯ k h ҳ SFiFQѫLÿѭ ӧ FÿHPÿ Ӄ QWLrXGQJ ҥ LFiF WUXQJWkPGXO ӏ FK1KѭY ұ \FyV ӵ SKkQSK ӕ i l ҥ i q u ӻ WLrXGQJW ӯ YQJQj\VDQJ NKiFW ӯ ÿ ҩ WQѭ ӟ FQj\VDQJÿ ҩ WQѭ ӟ FNKiF7KHRFiFKQj\ ҥ n JySSK ҫ QOjPWăQJ*'3FKRFiFYQJ YjTX ӕ FJLDSKiWWUL Ӈ QQy 1JRjLUDNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QSKiWWUL Ӈ QJySSK ҫ QWăQJFѭ ӡ QJWKXK~W ӕ n ÿ ҫ XWѭWURQJYjQJRjLQѭ ӟ FKX\ÿ ӝ QJÿѭ ӧ c v ӕ QQKjQU ӛ LWURQJQKkQGkQ sҥ QOjE ҥ QKjQJO ӟ n c ӫ a n h i Ӆ XQJjQKNKiF t r o n g n Ӆ n k i n h t Ӄ YuKjQJQJj\ iFNKiFK sҥ QWLrXWK ө mӝ t k h ӕ LOѭ ӧ n g l ӟ QFiFV ҧ n p h ҭ m c ӫ a n h i Ӆ XQJjQKQKѭFiF n g h i Ӌ SQJjQKEѭXFKtQKYL Ӊ QWK{QJQJjQKQJkQKjQJYj һ c b i Ӌ WOjQJjQKW ӫ F{QJ mӻ n g h Ӌ «9uY ұ \NKLSKiWWUL Ӈ QQJjQKNLQKGRDQKNKiFK ҥ Qÿ ӗ QJQJKƭDY ӟ i v i Ӌ c k h u y Ӄ n NKtFKSKiWWUL Ӈ QFѫV ӣ hҥ tҫ QJFKRFiFÿL Ӈ m d u l ӏ c h . 9uNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QOX{QÿzLK ӓ LGXQJOѭ ӧ QJODRÿ ӝ n g t r ӵ c t i Ӄ SWѭѫQJÿ ӕ i FDRFKRQrQSKiWWUL Ӈ QNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ n s Ӂ JySSK ҫ n g i ҧ i q u y Ӄ t m ӝ t k h ӕ LOѭ ӧ n g lӟ QF{QJăQYL Ӌ FOjPFKRQJѭ ӡ LGkQOjPYL Ӌ c WURQJQJjQK7X\QKL ҧ n ӭ n g Gk\FKX\ Ӆ n v Ӆ sӵ SKiWWUL Ӈ n g i ӳ DNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QYjFiFQJjQKN QyL ӣ WUrQPjNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QSKiWWUL Ӈ QFzQW ҥ o r a s ӵ SKiWWUL Ӈ n t h e o c ҩ p s ӕ QKkQY Ӆ v i Ӌ FOjPJLiQWL Ӄ SWURQJFiFQJjQKFyOLrQ ( N g u y Ӊ Q9ăQ0 ҥ n h , 2 0 8 ) . éQJKƭD[mK ӝ i 7K{QJTXDYL Ӌ c t ҥ RÿL Ӆ u k i Ӌ n c h o v i Ӌ c n g h Ӎ QJѫLWtFKF ӵ c t r o n g t h ӡ LJLDQÿL lӏ c h c ӫ DQJѭ ӡ LQJRjLFѭWU~WKѭ ӡ QJ[X\rQNLQKGRDQKNKiF ҥ QJySSK ҫ QJuQJL ӳ YjSK ө c h ӗ i k h ҧ QăQJODRÿ ӝ QJYjV ӭ c s ҧ n x u ҩ t c ӫ DQJѭ ӡ LODRÿ ӝ ng t ҥ LFiFÿL Ӈ m d u lӏ FK7K{QJTXDYL Ӌ c t h ӓ DPmQQKXF ҫ u t h a m q u a n , n g h Ӎ QJѫLFX ӕ i t u ҫ n m ӝ WWtFKF ӵ c c h o s ӕ ÿ{QJQJѭ ӡ LGkQÿmJySSK ҫ QQkQJFDRP ӭ c s ӕ n g v Ӆ vұ t c h ҩ WYjWLQKWK ҫ n c h o QKkQGkQĈL Ӆ XÿyFjQJOjPWăQJQKXF ҫ XWuPKL Ӈ XGLWtFKO ӏ c h s ӱ YăQKyDF ӫ Dÿ ҩ t Qѭ ӟ FYjFiFWKjQKW ӵ u c ӫ DF{QJFX ӝ F[k\G ӵ QJYjE ҧ o v Ӌ ÿ ҩ WQѭ ӟ c , JySSK ҫ QJLiR dө FOzQJ\rXQѭ ӟ FYjOzQJW ӵ KjRGkQW ӝ c c h o t h Ӄ hӋ t r ҿ . éQJKƭD[mK ӝ LNKiFF ӫ DNLQKGRDQKNKiFKV ҥ QOjWK{QJTXDFiF ҥ Wÿ ӝ QJQj\ QJѭ ӡ LGkQFiFQѭ ӟ FFiFGkQW ӝ c g һ p n h DXYjOjPTXHQY ӟ LQKDXGRÿy ҥ RÿL Ӆ u k i Ӌ n t h u ұ n l ӧ i c h o s ӵ gҫ QJNJLJL ӳ a m ӑ LQJѭ ӡ i t ӯ k h ҳ p m ӑ LQѫLW ӯ FiFTX ӕ FJLDFi FKkXO ө FWUrQWK Ӄ g i ӟ i t ӟ i V i Ӌ t N a m . &iFNKiFKV ҥ n l ӟ n h i Ӌ Qÿ ҥ LOjQѫLWL Ӄ QKjQKFi 1 4 c u ӝ c h ӑ SFiFK ӝ i n g h ӏ cҩ p c a o h o һ FFiFK ӝ i n g h ӏ WKHRFiFFKX\rQÿ Ӆ FiFÿ ҥ i h ӝ i , FiFFX ӝ c g һ p g ӥ F{QJY ө vӅ k i n h t Ӄ FKtQKWU ӏ YăQKyD7 ҥ LFiFNKiFKV ҥ QFNJQJ WKѭ ӡ QJÿѭ ӧ c t ә c h ӭ c n h i Ӆ u h o ҥ Wÿ ӝ QJYăQKyDQKѭKzDQK ҥ FWUѭQJEj\Q Ӌ t h u ұ t h o һ c t r i Ӊ QOmP«7KHRFiFKÿyNLQKGRDQKNKiF ҥ QÿDQJÿyQJJyS WtFKF ӵ c c h o s ӵ SKiWWUL Ӈ QJLDROѭXJL ӳ DFiFTX ӕ FJLDYjFiFGkQW ӝ FWUrQWK Ӄ g i ӟ LWUrQQKL Ӆ XSKѭѫQJ d i Ӌ QNKiFQKDX ( N g u y Ӊ Q9ăQ0 ҥ n h , 2 0 8 ). 1 . 2 Bӝ p h ұ n b u ӗ n g WURQJNKiFKV ҥ n 1 . 2 . 1 .KiLQL ͏ m b͡ p h ̵ n b u ͛ n g ( h o u s e k e p i n g ) +RXVHNHHSLQJOjP ӝ t d a n h t ӯ NpSWKHRQJKƭDW iӃ QJDQKFyQJKƭD Ӌ c q u ҧ QOêJLDÿuQKTX ҧ QJLD.KiLQL Ӌ PQj\ÿѭ ӧ c h i Ӈ XÿѫQJL ҧ QQKѭF{QJYL Ӌ c c ӫ a QJѭ ӡ i n ӝ i t r ӧ WURQJJLDÿuQK% ӝ p h ұ Q+RXVHNHHSLQJWURQJNKi ҥ n g i ӳ mӝ WYDLWU ÿ һ c b i Ӌ t q u a n t r ӑ QJWURQJOƭQKY ӵ c k i n h d o a n h d ӏ c h v ө OѭXWU~ Tӯ v i Ӌ FOjPY Ӌ s i n h SKzQJ ӕ c , b ҧ o q u ҧ QFiFÿ ӗ GQJYjWUDQJWKL Ӄ t b ӏ t i Ӌ QQJKLWjLV ҧ QWURQJSKzQ ÿ Ӄ n v Ӌ s i n h t ҩ t c ҧ NK{QJJLDQVLQKKR ҥ WYjNKXY ӵ FNKiFWURQJSK ҥ m v i c ӫ DNKiFK sҥ n . M ӑ i t h ӭ p h ҧ Lÿѭ ӧ Fÿ ҧ m b ҧ RWURQJWuQKWU ҥ n g v Ӌ s i n h t ӕ t n h ҩ WYjSK hӧ p v ӟ i WLrXFKX ҭ QFNJQJQKѭÿ ҷ n g c ҩ p c ӫ a t ӯ QJNKiFKV ҥ n 9NJ7K ӏ %tFK3Kѭ ӧ n g , 2 0 5 ) . 1 . 2 . 2 Ĉ ̿ FÿL ͋ m c ͯ a b ͡ p h ̵ n b u ͛ n g - &yWtQKFK ̭ t p h ͱ c t ̩ p : GROjPYL Ӌ FWURQJP{LWUѭ ӡ QJWKѭ ӡ QJ[X\rQSK ҧ Lÿ ӕ i mһ t v ӟ i n h ӳ QJWUѭ ӡ n g h ӧ SPDQJWtQKQK ҥ y c ҧ m : t i Ӄ S[~FY ӟ LWjLV ҧ n c ӫ a k KiFKWL Ӄ p [~FY ӟ LNKiFK«QrQQKkQYLrQSK ө c v ө b u ӗ QJFNJQJF ҫ QFyQK ӳ n g k ӻ QăQJNLQK n g h i Ӌ Pÿ Ӈ ӭ QJSKyY ӟ LFiFWUѭ ӡ n g h ӧ p x ҧ y r a . - &yQ ͡ i d u n g k Ϳ t h u ̵ t : F{QJYL Ӌ c p h ө c v ө b u ӗ QJOX{QSKDLWXkQ ӝ WWLrX c h u ̱ n n h ҩ Wÿ ӏ n h , s ӱ dө n g m ӝ t s ӕ t r a n g t h i Ӄ t b ӏ h i Ӌ n ÿ ҥ LÿzLK ӓ LQKkQYLrQ ҧ LFy t a y n g h Ӆ WUuQKÿ ӝ kӻ t h u ұ WWKuP ӟ LÿiS ӭ QJÿѭ ӧ F\rXF ҫ u c ӫ DF{QJYL Ӌ c . - ËWFyF˯K ͡ i g i a o t i ͇ p v ͣ LNKiFK YuWK ӡ LÿL Ӈ m d ӑ n b u ӗ QJWKѭ ӡ QJYjRO~F ӟ c NKLNKiFKW ӟ LO~FNKiFKUDQJRjL1K ӳ QJFNJQJV Ӂ FyWUѭ ӡ n g h ӧ SQKkQYLrQW Ӄ S[~F vӟ LNKiFKQrQFNJQJÿzLK ӓ LQKkQYLrQSK ҧ LFytWN ӻ QăQJJLDRWL Ӄ p v ӟ LNKiFK
