BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DÂN LẬP HẢI PHÒNG
ISO 9001:2015
KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
NGÀNH: NGÔN NGỮ ANH – NHẬT
Sinh viên
: Lê Trác Ban
Giảng viên hướng dẫn
: ThS. Bùi Thị Mai Anh
HẢI PHÒNG – 2019
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DÂN LẬP HẢI PHÒNG
ISO 9001:2015
IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILL FOR ENGLISH NON-MAJOR
FRESHMEN AT HAIPHONG PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP ĐẠI HỌC HỆ CHÍNH QUY
NGÀNH: NGÔN NGỮ ANH – NHẬT
Sinh viên
: Lê Trác Ban
Lớp
: NA1901N
Giảng viên hướng dẫn
: ThS. Bùi Thị Mai Anh
HẢI PHÒNG – 2019
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DÂN LẬP HẢI PHÒNG
NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP
Sinh viên: Lê Trác Ban
Mã sinh viên: 1512753002
Lớp: NA1901N
Ngành: Ngôn ngữ Anh – Nhật
Tên đề tài: Improving Speaking skill for English Non-major Freshmen at Haiphong
Private University
NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI
1. Nội dung và các yêu cầu cần giải quyết trong nhiệm vụ đề tài tốt nghiệp( về
lý luận, thực thiễn, các số liệu cần tính toàn và các bản vẽ).
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2. Các số liệu cần thiết để thiết kế, tính toán.
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3. Địa điểm thực tập tốt nghiệp.
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CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP
Người hướng dẫn thứ nhất:
Họ và tên:
Bùi Thị Mai Anh
Học hàm, học vị:
Thạc sỹ
Cơ quan công tác:
Khoa Ngoại ngữ, Đại học Dân lập Hải Phòng
Nội dung hướng dẫn: Improving Speaking skill for English Non-Major
Freshmen at Haiphong Private University
Người hướng dẫn thứ hai:
Họ và tên: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Học hàm, học vị: …………………………………………………………………………………………….
Cơ quan công tác:
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Nội dung hướng dẫn:……………………………………………………………………………………….
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Đề tài tốt nghiệp được giao ngày tháng năm
Yêu cầu phải hoàn thành trước ngày tháng năm
Đã nhận nhiệm vụ ĐTTN
Đã giao nhiệm vụ ĐTTN
Sinh viên
Người hướng dẫn
Lê Trác Ban
Ths. Bùi Thị Mai Anh
Hải phòng, ngày …. tháng…. năm 2019
Hiệu trưởng
GS.TS.NGƯT Trần Hữu Nghị
CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM
Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc
PHIẾU NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN TỐT NGHIỆP
Họ và tên giảng viên: Bùi Thị Mai Anh
Đơn vị công tác: Khoa Ngoại ngữ – Đại học Dân lập Hải phòng
Họ và tên sinh viên: Lê Trác Ban Chuyên ngành: Ngôn ngữ Anh – Nhật
Đề tài tốt nghiệp: Improving Speaking skill for English Non-Major Freshmen at
Haiphong Private University
Nội dung hướng dẫn:
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1. Tinh thần thái độ của sinh viên trong quá trình làm đề tài tốt nghiệp.
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2. Đánh giá chất lượng của đồ án/khóa luận (so với nội dung yêu cầu đã đề
ra trong nhiệm vụ Đ.T.T.N trên các mặt lý luận, thực tiễn, tính toán số
liệu,…) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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3. Ý kiến của giảng viên hướng dẫn tốt nghiệp
Được bảo vệ
Không được bảo vệ
Điểm hướng dẫn
Hải Phòng, ngày… tháng … năm……
Giảng viên hướng dẫn
(Ký và ghi rõ họ tên)
CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM
Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc
PHIẾU NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIẢNG VIẾN CHẤM PHẢN DIỆN
Họ và tên giảng viên:
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Đơn vị công tác:
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Họ và tên sinh viên: Lê Trác Ban Chuyên ngành: Ngôn ngữ Anh – Nhật
Đề tài tốt nghiệp: Improving Speaking skill for English Non-major Freshmen at
Haiphong Private University
1. Phần nhận xét của giáo viên chấm phản biện.
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2. Những mặt còn hạn chế.
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3. Ý kiến của giảng viên chấm phản diện.
Được bảo vệ
Không được bảo vệ
Điểm hướng dẫn
Giáo viên chấm phản biện
(ký và ghi rõ họ tên)
I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
In the process of completing this research paper, I have received a great deal
of help, guidance and encouragement from many teachers, friends and my family.
First of all, I would like to express my deepest thanks to Ms. Nguyen Vu
Thanh Huyen, my supervisor for her constant and tireless support throughout this
study.
Next, I am indebted to Ms Bui Thi Mai Anh, M.A., teacher of Foreign
Language Department with her useful advice and ideas. My sincere thanks also go
to other teachers in Foreign Language Department for their lectures and
instructions during the four years which help me much in completing this study.
Furthermore, I am profoundly grateful to all the members in my friends, my
family, who always encourage me, support me to complete this paper.
Finally, I wish to thank all those who have kindly given their advice and
helped me with source materials during the writing of this paper.
Hai Phong, Jun 2019
Le Trac Ban – NA1901N
II
LIST OF TABLES
1. Do you like learning English?
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2. How long have you been learning English …………………………………………… 13
3. Which skill do you like most in four skill?
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4. Which skills is the most difficult? ………………………………………………………. 15
5. What do you think about the speaking lesson?
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6. Do you feel excited about the current method? …………………………………….. 17
7. Do you want to have a new creative English teaching method? ……………… 18
8. “Do you do the task in speaking lesson at home in advance?” ……………….. 19
9. Studying English-speaking through interesting activities is an effective way,
creating a pleasant atmosphere in class ……………………………………………….. 20
10.
Learning English through funny interesting activities is a good way for
students to work in group
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11.
How often do your teacher hold the interesting activities in teaching
speaking?
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III
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgements ………………………………………………………………………………………. i
List of Tables
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………….
1
1. Rationale
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1
2. Aims of study and scope of study …………………………………………………………………………
2
2.1. Aims of study ………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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2.2. Scope of study …………………………………………………………………………………………………
2
3. Objectives
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2
4. Research questions ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
3
5. Method of study …………………………………………………………………………………………………
3
6. Design of study
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3
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW …………………………………………………………………..
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1. Speaking skill ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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1.1. Definition ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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1.2. The purpose of speaking skill through interesting activities. …………………………………
6
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ……………………………………………………………………………
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1. The reality of teaching and learning condition at HPU ………………………………………
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1.1. Teachers………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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1.2. Students ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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1.3. English teaching and learning condition at HPU ………………………………………………….
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2. Data collection instruments
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2.1. The survey questionnaire ………………………………………………………………………………..
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2.2. The design of survey questionnaire…………………………………………………………………..
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2.3. The data analysis ……………………………………………………………………………………………
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3. Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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IV
CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS. ……………………………………………………
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1. Some suggested techniques and interesting activities to study English
Speaking skill for the English Non-major Freshmen. …………………………………………..
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1.1. Interesting activities ……………………………………………………………………………………….
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1.1.1. Interview game
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1.1.2. Challenging game
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1.1.3. The word search game …………………………………………………………………………………
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1.2. Improve speaking skill through storytelling and sing a songs.
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1.3. Improve speaking skill through pictures
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1.4. Improve speaking skill through mass media
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1.5. Improve speaking skill through VOA English
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1.6. Improve speaking skill through Books, magazines and newspaper ………………………
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2. Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION
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1. Limitation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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2. Implication for further research ………………………………………………………………………….
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3. Conclusion
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REFERENCES
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41
APPENDIX …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale
Nowadays, it can not be denied that English is becoming the common
tounge of our global village. Whether you live and work in an English
speaking country or need English for travel and fun, English is the door to
success and deeper understanding of our quickly changing world. Therefore,
teaching and learning English is very important and necessary because
mastering English is the best and the shortest way for us to have a great deal of
opportunities to reach the success of life. The English learner, from elementary
pupils to students, from worker to government employers study English with
the interest and enthusiam. But Vietnamese students, espeacially the English
Non-major Freshmen have a lot of dificulties in learning and practising English
speaking skill. They often fall into confusion when speaking English because of
lack of professional knowledge, confidence and the food learning method as
well. Besides, the passive learning environment with the same and boring
lessions without the interesting activities like practical experience, meeting
famous people…. prevent them from practising and improving English. That is
the main reason why they do not get the effective result in learning English,
especialy the English speaking skill.
Due to the above mentioned , I have made a sketry presentation on some
effective method of studying English with the hope that this can help the first
year English non-major students at Haiphong Private University will study
English better in the near future. That is the reason why I decide to choose the
research with the title: Improving Speaking Skill for English Non-major
Freshmen at Haiphong Private University.
2
2. Aims of the study and the scope of the study.
2.1.
Aims of the study
My study is about to help the first year English non-major students at Haiphong
Private University improve their speaking skill through many activities and to
prepare for them to the basic knowledge of speaking skill with higher
requirement for the next graders. To sumarize the above, my study is aimed at:
– Review background knowledge of speaking
– Find out reality of teaching and learning English at Haiphong Private
University.
– Find out helpful techniques for teaching speaking lessons which turn
students’ attention into the lesson. The students will feel interested,
enjoyable and funny when they take part in the speaking lesson.
It should be noted that this paper shouldn’t be considered exclusive to English
non- major students at Haiphong Private University. In fact, the fundamental
concepts and result of this paper can be applied to most English learners.
2.2. The Scope of the study
There are so many kinds of material resources that requires a lot of time and
effect while my personal experience is limited. Therefore, this study can only
focus on study some effective techniques in studying English speaking skill,
especially through the interesting activities for the first year English non- major
students at Haiphong Private University.
I hope that this study will help the first year English Non-major improve their
Speaking Skill and have more confident when speaking English.
3. Objectives
The main goals of this research are to find out how to improve English
Speaking skill for not only the Freshmen in HPU but also everyone, find out
3
some method, activities that help student have more exciting when learning
English Speaking lesson.
4. Research questions
In order to achieve the aforementioned aim, the researcher has set the
following specific questions:
4.1. How to improve the speaking skill through interesting activities
4.2. How to get more confident when speaking skill
5. Method of study
To finish this study, I myself carried out some following methods
– Look for information on reference books and websites
– Attending English speaking periods at English Non-major Classes at
Haiphong Private University.
– Interviewing and conducting the survey questionnaires for the first year
English non- major students at Haiphong Private University with a point to
find out their recognitions, attitudes of the matter and the difficulties they
encounter when practicing English speaking skill.
– Basing on my personal experience from my under graduating time in the
university through speaking skill at class.
6. Design of the study
A table of contents with pages numbers in which they are presented with
help readers have a clear overview of the research proposal. It also helps
readers find the part they need more easily and quickly. The study contains
of two parts:
Part I: Introduction are literature review, aims, scope, methods and the
design of the study.
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Part II: The development of 5 chapters:
– The first chapter provides readers the overview of speaking skill through the
interesting activities like practical experience, meeting famous guys…
– The second chapter is Literature Review which provides readers the
definition and purpose of speaking skill.
– The third chapter is the methodology: This chapter will show the
Participants, data collection instruments and data collection procedure.
– The fourth chapter is the part we solve the problem. This part will answer
the question, survey and major finding to improve the speaking skill for the
first year non-major Freshmen.
– The fifth chapter is the Recommendation and conclusion which
summarized all the presented information.
5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
1.
Speaking skill
1.1. Definition
Tarigan (1990:3-4) defines that speaking is a language skill that is
developed in child life, which is produced by listening skill, and at that period
speaking skill is learned.
Based on Competence Based Curriculum speaking is one of the four basic
competences that the students should gain well. It has an important role in
communication. Speaking can find in spoken cycle especially in Joint
Construction of Text stage (Department Pendidikan Nasional, 2004). In
carrying out speaking, students face some difficulties one of them is about
language itself. In fact, most of students get difficulties to speak even though
they have a lot of vocabularies and have written them well. The problems are
afraid for students to make mistakes.
– Speaking is the productive skill. It could not be separated from listening.
– When we speak we produce the text and it should be meaningful. In the
nature of communication, we can find the speaker, the listener, the message and
the feedback. Speaking could not be separated from pronunciation as it
encourages learners to learn the English sounds.
– Harmer, (in Tarigan, 1990: 12) writes that when teaching speaking or
producing skill, we can apply three major stages, those are:
1) Introducing new language
2) Practice
3) Communicative activity.
– Speaking has been regarded as merely implementation and variation,
outside the domain of language and linguistic proper. Linguistic theory has
mostly developed in abstraction from context of use and source of diversity.
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Therefore, Clark and Clark said that speaking is fundamentally an instrument
act. Speakers talk in order to have some effect on their listener. It is the result of
teaching learning process. Students’ skill in conversation is core aspect in
teaching speaking, it becomes vitally aspect in language teaching learning
success if language function as a system for expression meaning and the
successful in speaking is measured through someone ability to carry out a
conversation in the language. We confess that there are many proponent factors
that influence teaching speaking success and there are many obstacle factors
why it is not running well.
– According to Ladouse (1991) speaking is described as the activity as the
ability to express oneself in the situation, or the activity to report acts, or
situation in precise words or the ability to converse or to express a sequence of
ideas fluently. Furthermore, Tarigan (1990: 8) said that “Berbicara adalah
cara untuk berkomunikasi yang berpengaruh hidup kita sehari-hari”. It means
that speaking as the way of communication influences our individual life
strongly.
– From the explanation above, the researcher concludes that speaking is
what we say to what we see, feel and think. When we feel something, we want
someone can hear us. So, in this process we can call it is an interaction
between two sides.
1.2. The purpose of speaking skill though interesting activities
Speaking is usually the topic priority probably the most important aspect of
the language for communication and students enjoy it. Furthermore, speaking
activities improve the atmosphere in the classroom, group dynamic and help
build a rapport among students and between students and teachers. Speaking
7
activities are also a good indication of student’s strength and weakness. When
we speak English as a foreign language, it is not simple to repeat what the
teacher say. Students have to use activities in speaking as a tool to perform oral
tasks with real motivation behind them. When given a purpose, spoken
activities are much more rewarding and engaging not to mention motivating.
8
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
1. The reality of learning and teaching English at Haiphong Private
University
In my opinion, teaching is interdependent relationship between the teacher,
the aids that he/ she uses and the students. In addition, learning and teaching
conditions are also very important. All these are the factors that decide the
success of the lecture.
1.1. Teachers
Haiphong Private University has a large teaching staff with lots of
experience and enthusiasm. All of them are graduated from University in, most
of them are M.A. They are interested in teaching profession and always find out
many ways to give their knowledge to students. They want their students earn
all of the knowledge and do it in real. They also define clearly the importance of
education for the human development and get to know student’s expectations.
Therefore, they are all enthusiastic, responsible in their work and try their best
to give the most effective lectures to students. But, some of them still have the
traditional teaching method such as: teaching speaking with the old topic, the
passive lectures, teaching without activities…. Therefore, besides the high
quality, teachers should apply some interesting activities in the lecture to draw
the attention and the interest of the students.
1.2. Students
In reality, the number of the English Non-major Freshmen in Haiphong
Private University is too big in a class, approximately 45-55 students, even
higher in each class. Their major maybe Electricity, Economy… Their jobs do
require English, but they have to learn English to pass the semester. It is the fact
that they have just left the high school and they come from different places and
experienced different learning condition. There still have many passive students
9
with the lessons, that is the most difficult problem when they learn at the new
environment. Maybe they learn English in high school but not well. Their basic
English, therefore, not equal. However, they begin to acquaint with the new
learning environment at university and are fully aware of the fact that English is
really important and necessary for their future work. As a consequence, their
attitudes toward learning English seem to be serious.
1.3. English teaching and learning condition at Haiphong Private
University.
At Haiphong Private University, each classroom of the first year English
Non-major Freshmen is equipped with a radio and many cassettes in English
lesson. But they are totally out of date and cannot be used. When we have
speaking lesson, we have to go the equipment room to take the common
Cassettes and Microphone. Many teachers even buy a small microphone by
themselves. Sometime that equipment also can be use. It’s inconvenient.
Nevertheless, the teachers sometimes use projector to make English lessons
more interesting and effective. Teachers often organize English contests
encourage students to express their abilities. Moreover, there are many useful
activities such as organizing some small festivals such as: Halloween,
Christmas, Valentine, etc. to play together, exchange knowledge and relax.
Sometimes, they have many chances to talk and study with foreigners. This is
an outstanding advantage and a good condition to help them improve their
English-speaking skill. Besides, they can learn the way of communication of
foreigners rapidly. It can be said that, the study conditions are quite enough and
convenient for students to study English effectively. These factors have great
influence on the results of the students in general and the first year English non-
major students in particular. In fact, they have just graduated from high school
to study in a brand new condition – it is at University. Certainly, their English
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is very common and poor. They do not have much knowledge about any
specific fields, especially the speaking skill. With the textbooks interact with
some funny extra- activities, they are taught according to specific topics in
order to practice and improve the speaking skill. Therefore, they have more
opportunities to widen and improve English speaking skill.
2. Data collection instrument
2.1. The Survey Questionnaire
The survey was completed by the contribution of 50 first year students
from different classes at Haiphong Private University. This study was
conducted in the May of 2019. In this period, students has been applied for
most of subjects. All the Freshmen are preparing for the examinations. Teacher
like to encourage their students studying lesson beforehand and practicing
English speaking skill harder through any kinds of activities. Through the
interesting activities in the class, students and teachers as well can discover the
ability in speaking English of the students. Therefore, base on this ability, they
can have the new methods to improve the speaking skill of students the best 50
English Non-major students were found to voluntarily participate in the study.
All these students have passed the entrance-examination to HPU. 14% of them
are excellent in the entrance- exam (getting mark 8.5 and more), 20% of them
have very good result (getting mark 8), and 20% are good one. (getting mark
7); 46% are not good ( getting mark 5-6) The purpose of the questionnaire. The
survey is a very important part of this assignment because it provides the data
and information about the studying speaking skill of the first year English non-
major students in Haiphong Private University. Its aim is to do research
students’ attitudes and expectations about studying English speaking skill
through the interesting activities.
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2.2. The design of the survey questionnaire
The survey questionnaire includes 11 questions (in English) and they are
numbered from 1 to 11. In the question, there are 3 or 4 options. The informants
can choose more than one choice. The questionnaire is parted into three parts:
The first section (questions 1, 2, 3,4 & 5) focus on students’ interest in learning
English and how they think about four skills with three or four choices in each
question. They are marked from A to D. The second section contains two
questions (questions 6, 7 & 8) give their attitudes about the English teaching
methods at Haiphong Private University. The third sections with 3 questions
(questions 9, 10&11) asks students some good techniques to teach a speaking
lesson applies in the class. 21 From this survey, I can find out an appropriate
method of learning ad practicing English speaking skill. The survey is used for
my study “Improving speaking skill for the English Non-major Freshmen in
Haiphong Private University.”
2.3. The data analysis
After the survey was implemented, the statistics were totaled up and
indicated though out the following nine charts. Each chart shows us the number
of students who choose the most suitable answers for them in each question.
This number is counted in percentage unit and the kind of chart are bar chart.
The data can be easily seen in the chart, and in the right of chart are the
explanations.
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Student’s interest in learning English.
Question 1: Do you like learning English?
The chart above shows us the difference between students in the interest of
learning English. It is realized that the number of students who choose A, B, C,
D and E in the chart above. From the chart, we can see that the number of
students who choose is over five times as much as ones who choose A, six times
as much as ones who choose C, nearly 3.5 times as much as ones who choose D.
This result is not a surprise. This proved that they are totally aware of how
English is interesting and important to them. There are many different reasons
which can be expressed like this. English is an international language which is
used all over the world. Today, English is applied in every fields in life because
of the advancement of society. The more you study English, the more chances
you have. On the other hand, it means that better English, better life. However,
the number of students who do not like and hate learning English are still at the
high rate because it occupied 26% (16%: Do not like; 10%: Hate) in out of
100% or we can say in another way that one fourth of the students do not pay
attention to learning English. To the question “Why do you hate learning
English?” many students said that English is a difficult subject because it is
14%
50%
10%
16%
10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
A
B
C
D
E
13
quite strange to them so they did not know how to learn it. Especially when they
meet difficult exercises that could not ask their parents for help so they got bad
marks. Therefore, they not only hate it but also afraid of it. Thus, the question is
that how to take advantage of the interest of learning English in order to
improve their studying and how to make the learning process interesting so as to
attract students to this subject. If we can give the answer for these problems,
students will learn English better. Meanwhile, there are 10% students are
somewhere do not like and do not hate learning English. They even know the
importance of English. If they can understand how it is necessary for life, they
have to learn English. Although it is only a small amount, it shows us that they
only consider English as other subjects and there are may be nothing special in
learning English at university.
Question 2: How long have you been learning English?
The chart show us that 66% of participants answered they have been
learning English five years, some of them accepted they have been learning less
than five years (18%). Students in Vietnam, who have to learn English from
primary school to high school, but a number of them don’t like English and they
don’t care about it. It is quite a long time for each student. It is proved that
learning English has become a very important task and the great concern of
everyone. English is an interesting subject which attracts a great number of
16%
66%
18%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
A
B
C
14
students. Moreover, it is a compulsory subject in most schools from primary
schools to universities as well. Thus, they are fully aware of the fact that English
is really important and necessary for their future jobs. They may use English to
do work as an interpreter or a translator. This requires a certain English
knowledge.
Question 3: Which skill do you like most in four skill?
This is the chart that helps us know which skill in the English lesson students
like most. From this chart, we can see that those who like speaking is nearly equal
with those who like reading. Whereas, the amount of students who like speaking is
over three times as much as the rate of students who like listening, 2.3 times as
much as the rate of students who like writing. And only small amount of the
students (10%) like all four skills. These statistics show us that the number of
students who like speaking is the highest. I think without three skills (Reading,
Listening and Writing), they cannot speak English well. And know that’s difficult
when they have to learn all of them, but it’s necessary. And when they finish it,
speaking lesson will attract students much.
26%
30%
14%
20%
10%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
A
B
C
D
E
